The Westphalia Limestone Member (Stranger Formation, Douglas Group, Virgilian, Pennsylvanian) crops out from northern Osage Co., Oklahoma, on the south to southern Buchanan Co., Missouri, on the north. In most Kansas outcrops, the Westphalia is essentially continuous. South of east-central Chautauqua Co., Kansas, and north of southernmost Franklin Co., Kansas, discontinuous lenses comprise Westphalia outcrops.

Two very different rock types, a fusulinid, calcareous packstone and an ostracod, coaly, calcareous mudstone, are believed to represent the effects of storm deposition. These facies form most northern Mid-Continent Westphalia outcrops. Inner parts of the intertidal zone are postulated as the depositional site of the sediment that now forms the fusulinid calcareous packstone. Either a marsh or a supratidal tract was the probable site of the ostracod, coaly, calcareous mud deposition.

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